Effects of Mindfulness Based Therapy on Patients Perception of Illness and Depression in Cardiac Rehabilitation Phase-I
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Abstract
Background: Cardiac rehabilitation improves recovery after cardiac surgery, yet depressive symptoms, maladaptive illness perception, and reduced health-related quality of life may limit rehabilitation engagement and functional recovery. Mindfulness-based therapy may complement conventional rehabilitation by improving stress regulation, emotional adjustment, and adaptive coping. Objective: To determine the effect of mindfulness-based therapy combined with conventional cardiac rehabilitation on illness perception, depression, health-related quality of life, blood pressure, and heart rate among patients undergoing Phase I cardiac rehabilitation. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, among 48 hemodynamically stable post-CABG patients allocated equally to conventional cardiac rehabilitation or mindfulness-based therapy plus conventional rehabilitation. Outcomes were assessed before and after 8 weeks using the Illness Perception Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, HRQOL-14, blood pressure, and heart rate. Data were analysed using independent-samples t-tests, paired-samples t-tests, and Mann–Whitney U tests as appropriate. Results: Illness perception improved more in the combined-intervention group than in the conventional rehabilitation group, with post-treatment scores of 21.54 ± 2.65 versus 32.54 ± 3.12, respectively (p < 0.001). PHQ-9 scores were also lower after combined therapy than conventional rehabilitation alone (3.66 ± 0.91 vs 5.91 ± 0.82; p < 0.001). Several HRQOL-14 domains, post-treatment diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate also favoured the combined-intervention group. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based therapy added to conventional cardiac rehabilitation produced greater short-term improvement in illness perception, depressive symptoms, quality-of-life indicators, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate than conventional rehabilitation alone.
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